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C2grammar39 soru

Extraposition & Anticipatory It

That the project failed is not surprising cümlesi dilbilgisel olarak doğrudur ama ağır durur; It is not surprising that the project failed daha doğal okunur. Bu sayfada özne ve nesne cümleciklerini sona aktarmayı ve find it, make it gibi kalıplardaki zorunlu it'i çalışır, ardından oyunda pratik yaparsın.

Hızlı Öğren

Sona aktarma, uzun bir özne ya da nesne cümleciğini cümlenin sonuna taşır ve boşalan yere anlamsız bir it yerleştirir.

Aklında tut

  • Özne aktarması: It is unclear whether the plan will work.
  • Nesne aktarmasında it zorunludur: I find it strange that nobody called.
  • Kalıplar: It remains to be seen whether the deal will hold.

Örnekler

  1. 1It is widely acknowledged among economists that structural unemployment cannot be solved by monetary expansion alone.
  2. 2The supervisory committee deemed it appropriate to suspend trading pending a full investigation into insider trading allegations.

Kaçınılması Gereken Yaygın Tuzak

Nesne aktarmasında it'i atma: I find strange that nobody called yanlış, I find it strange that nobody called doğru.

Derinlemesine İncele

Kural

  1. Ağır bilgi sona

    Extraposition (sona aktarma), uzun bir özne ya da nesne cümleciğini cümlenin sonuna taşıyıp boşalan yere anlamsız bir it yerleştirmektir. İngilizce, kısa ve bilinen bilgiyi başa, uzun ve yeni bilgiyi sona koymayı tercih eder (end-weight ilkesi). Özne olarak kullanılan bir that-cümleciği ya da mastar cümle başında ağır durur: That the project failed is not surprising. Aynı cümle sona aktarıldığında daha doğal olur: It is not surprising that the project failed.

  2. Özne aktarması

    Türkçede özne cümlecikleri başta rahatça durur (“Projenin başarısız olması şaşırtıcı değil”), bu yüzden Türkçe konuşanlar İngilizcede de başa koyma eğilimindedir.

    (1) Özne aktarması: that-cümleciği (It is clear that …), mastar (It is difficult to explain), wh-cümleciği (It is unclear whether the plan will work) ve bazı kalıplarda -ing (It's no use complaining; It's worth noting that …).

  3. Nesne aktarması

    (2) Nesne aktarması: find, make, consider, think, deem gibi fiillerde nesne bir cümlecikse, fiil ile sıfat arasına it girer ve cümlecik sona gider: I find it strange that nobody called; The new rules make it possible to work from home. Bu it zorunludur ve atılamaz.

  4. Kalıp ifadeler

    (3) Kalıp ifadeler: It remains to be seen whether the deal will hold; It is incumbent on managers to explain the change; It goes without saying that safety comes first.

Cümlenin anatomisi

Bu dersin cümleleri, İngilizcenin istediği sırayla parçalarına ayrıldı.

  1. ÖzneItFiilisTümleçwidely acknowledged among economistsYan cümlethat structural unemployment cannot be solved by monetary expansion alone.

  2. ÖzneItFiilremainsTümleçto be seenYan cümlewhether the newly appointed judicial panel will uphold the controversial appellate court ruling.

  3. ÖzneThe supervisory committeeFiildeemedNesneitTümleçappropriateYan cümleto suspend trading pending a full investigation into insider trading allegations.

  4. ÖzneThe defense attorneysFiilfoundNesneitTümleçextraordinaryYan cümlethat the prosecution had withheld vital forensic exculpatory evidence.

Görsel rehber

How to read this C2 topic

At C2, grammar manages nuance: responsibility, irony, concession, distance, rhythm, and dense argument.

1. Read the writer's stance

Advanced forms may signal caution, skepticism, authority, or deliberate distance.

The proposal would appear to be flawed.

2. Recover what is omitted

Ellipsis and compression expect the reader to rebuild missing grammar.

If necessary, revise the clause.

3. Match form to discourse

The most sophisticated option is the one that fits purpose and register.

Little did they realize what followed.

Decision path before answering

Use these checks before choosing between close options.

  1. 1Mark the subject, main verb, object, and any connector.
  2. 2Underline the time expression or discourse clue.
  3. 3Reject any option with the wrong agreement, tense, article, pronoun case, or word order.
  4. 4Read the whole sentence once more for naturalness and register.

Contrasts that often decide the answer

Event or background

Simple forms move events forward; continuous forms show an action in progress.

I left while she was talking.

Fact or stance

Modals, hedges, and reporting structures show how certain or responsible the speaker sounds.

This may indicate a problem.

Clause or compressed phrase

Advanced writing often compresses full clauses into participle, noun, or prepositional phrases.

Having reviewed the data, we revised the plan.

Örnekler

  1. 1It is widely acknowledged among economists that structural unemployment cannot be solved by monetary expansion alone.
  2. 2The supervisory committee deemed it appropriate to suspend trading pending a full investigation into insider trading allegations.
  3. 3It came as a profound shock to the scientific community when the celebrated laboratory retracted its groundbreaking cancer study.
  4. 4The diplomatic envoy made it clear that continued economic sanctions would be lifted only upon full compliance with the treaty.
  5. 5It remains to be seen whether the newly appointed judicial panel will uphold the controversial appellate court ruling.
  6. 6The defense attorneys found it extraordinary that the prosecution had withheld vital forensic exculpatory evidence.
  7. 7It is incumbent upon senior management to ensure that all workplace safety protocols are rigorously enforced.
  8. 8The sudden cancellation of the bilateral summit made it impossible for foreign ministers to finalize the border agreement.
  9. 9It is of paramount importance that the integrity of the clinical trial data remain uncompromised by commercial sponsors.

İstisnalar

-ing cümlecikleri genellikle sona aktarılmaz; Swimming here is dangerous doğaldır, ama “It is dangerous swimming here” konuşmada duyulsa da resmi yazıda It is dangerous to swim here tercih edilir. It's no use, it's no good ve it's worth gibi kalıplar bu kuralın istisnasıdır ve -ing ile kullanılır.

Sık yapılan hatalar

  • Nesne aktarmasında it'i atmak

    Hata

    I find strange that nobody called.

    Doğru

    I find it strange that nobody called.

  • It yerine this ya da that kullanmak

    Hata

    This is important that we finish.

    Doğru

    It is important that we finish.

  • Hem it'i hem de cümle başındaki özneyi kullanmak

    Hata

    That he left it is surprising.

    Doğru

    It is surprising that he left.

    Ya da it olmadan: That he left is surprising.

Kısa tekrar

Kendini sınamadan önce dersin özü tek kartta.

Aklında tut

  1. Özne aktarması: It is unclear whether the plan will work.
  2. Nesne aktarmasında it zorunludur: I find it strange that nobody called.
  3. Kalıplar: It remains to be seen whether the deal will hold.

Sık yapılan hatalar

  • Hata: I find strange that nobody called.

    Doğru: I find it strange that nobody called.

  • Hata: This is important that we finish.

    Doğru: It is important that we finish.

  • Hata: That he left it is surprising.

    Doğru: It is surprising that he left.

Kendini dene

That ile başlayan üç ağır cümleyi it ile yeniden kur ve find it ile bir nesne aktarması ekle, sonra bu konuyu pratik et.

İlgili Dil Bilgisi Konuları

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